This study presents an experimental investigation of cutting forces and vibrations during finish milling of SKD11 steel using an indexable milling cutter with parallelogram-shaped inserts. A theoretical framework describing geometric modeling, cutting force generation, and machining vibrations is briefly introduced to support the analysis of the machining process. Controlled experiments were conducted to examine the effects of cutting speed, feed per tooth, axial depth of cut, and radial depth of cut on cutting force and vibration amplitudes. The results indicate that cutting parameters influence cutting forces and vibrations to different extents. The axial depth of cut is identified as the dominant factor affecting cutting force amplitude, whereas cutting speed has the most significant impact on vibration amplitude. Quadratic regression models were developed to describe the relationships between cutting parameters and the response variables, and the models were successfully validated using experimental data. Directional analysis reveals that the cutting force amplitude is highest in the X-direction, while the vibration amplitude reaches its maximum in the Y-direction. Although variations in cutting force amplitude lead to corresponding changes in vibration amplitude, their variation trends are not identical due to the complex dynamic behavior of the machine-tool system.
Năm 2026 
